Minnesota, with its vast landscapes of forests, lakes, and prairies, is a haven for bird enthusiasts. The state is home to over 440 bird species, offering a rich tapestry of avian life. Whether you’re a seasoned birder or a curious newcomer, understanding the common and unique birds of Minnesota will enhance your appreciation of this northern state’s natural beauty.
“Pictures of Minnesota birds” refers to images or collections that capture the diverse bird species found in the state of Minnesota. Minnesota is home to a wide variety of bird species, including those that are year-round residents, migratory birds, and rare visitors. Birdwatchers and nature enthusiasts often seek out photographs of these birds to appreciate their beauty and diversity.
In this Article, Here is a detailed list of some of the most common birds found in Minnesota, along with detailed information on their appearance, behavior, habitat, and more.
1. Black-capped Chickadee:
Scientific Name: Poecile atricapilla
Length: 5.25 inches
Weight: 0.39 ounces
Wingspan: 8 inches
Song: “see bee, see bee”
Appearance:
Small, grayish bird with a distinctive black cap and throat, and a white face. They have a stubby black beak and some buff coloring on their underparts. Both sexes look alike.
Behavior:
Black-capped Chickadees are acrobatic foragers, often seen hanging upside down on twigs as they search for insects, spiders, seeds, and fruit. They are frequent visitors to bird feeders and are known for storing food for winter.
Habitat:
They live in a variety of wooded habitats, including gardens, and are year-round residents in Minnesota. They nest in tree cavities or nest boxes, building soft nests from moss and animal hair.
Range:
Found across parts of Alaska, Canada, and the northern USA, including Minnesota.
2. American Crow:
Scientific Name: Corvus brachyrhynchos
Length: 17.5 inches
Weight: 1 pound
Wingspan: 39 inches
Song: “Caw! Caw!”
Appearance:
Large, all-black bird with a strong, stout bill. Their feathers can show metallic purple and blue iridescence under certain lighting. Both sexes look similar.
Behavior:
American Crows are highly social and intelligent birds, often seen in flocks. They forage on the ground and in trees, eating a wide variety of foods, including carrion, fruit, nuts, insects, and small animals. They are also known to eat eggs and nestlings of other birds.
Habitat:
They build bulky stick nests high in trees and can be found in almost all habitats except high mountains and arid zones. Common in urban areas as well.
Range:
Widespread across southern Alaska, much of Canada, and the USA, including Minnesota.
3. Blue Jay:
Scientific Name: Cyanocitta cristata
Length: 11 inches
Weight: 3 ounces
Wingspan: 16 inches
Song: “Nyeah! Nyeah! Nyeah!”
Appearance:
A fairly large bird with a crest, bright blue above, and gray and white below. They have black barring in their wings and tail, a narrow black necklace, and some small black lines on their face.
Behavior:
Blue Jays are social, intelligent, and noisy birds. They are often seen feeding on acorns, nuts, insects, and other small creatures, and they sometimes eat the eggs and nestlings of other birds. They are frequent visitors to feeders.
Habitat:
They nest in messy cup nests made of sticks, located in various heights in trees. They inhabit woodlands, forests, and towns.
Range:
Found east of the Rocky Mountains in the USA and in central and southern Canada.
4. Downy Woodpecker:
Scientific Name: Dryobates pubescens
Length: 6.75 inches
Weight: 0.95 ounces
Wingspan: 12 inches
Song: “Pik! Ch,ch,ch,ch,ch,ch,ch!”
Appearance:
Small, black, and white woodpecker with a short black beak. Males have a small red patch on the back of their head. The back is white, with black and white patterning on the wings.
Behavior:
Downy Woodpeckers are often seen foraging on trees, bushes, and at feeders, where they eat insects, seeds, and suet. They are friendly and often pair up, sometimes foraging with other small birds.
Habitat:
They nest in tree cavities and can be found in gardens, woodlands, and other wooded habitats.
Range:
Widespread in Canada and the USA, but absent in arid regions.
5. American Robin:
Scientific Name: Turdus migratorius
Length: 10 inches
Weight: 2.7 ounces
Wingspan: 17 inches
Song: “Cheery, cheery, cheery, cheery, cheer, cheer”
Appearance:
A familiar thrush, dark gray above and brick red below, with a blackish head, white markings around the eyes, and an orange-yellow bill.
Behavior:
American Robins forage on the ground for worms, insects, and snails. In winter, they flock together and feed on berries and fruit. They are also known for their cheerful song.
Habitat:
They make cup nests in trees and live in parks, woodlands, towns, and many other habitats.
Range:
Found across Alaska, most of Canada, the USA, and Mexico, including Minnesota.
6. American Goldfinch:
Scientific Name: Spinus tristis
Length: 4.3 to 5.1 inches
Weight: 0.4 to 0.7 ounces
Wingspan: 7.5 to 8.7 inches
Song: “po-ta-to-chip”
Appearance:
Adult males are bright yellow with black foreheads, wings, and tail. Females are paler yellow with olive above. In winter, both sexes are unstreaked brown with blackish wings.
Behavior:
American Goldfinches feed almost exclusively on seeds, particularly thistle, sunflower, and aster seeds. They are common visitors to feeders and are often seen in open, weedy fields.
Habitat:
They inhabit overgrown areas like open floodplains and weedy fields and use trees and shrubs for nesting.
Range:
Common across much of the USA and southern Canada.
7. Northern Cardinal:
Scientific Name: Cardinalis cardinalis
Length: 8.3 to 9.3 inches
Weight: 1.5 to 1.7 ounces
Wingspan: 9.8 to 12.2 inches
Song: A series of clear whistles, often described as “cheer, cheer, cheer” or “birdy, birdy, birdy.”
Appearance:
Males are bright red with a black face mask, while females are pale brown with reddish tinges. Both sexes have a crest on their head and a thick, red-orange bill.
Behavior:
Northern Cardinals are known for their strong, loud song and are often seen in pairs. They forage for seeds, fruit, and insects and are regular visitors to bird feeders.
Habitat:
They prefer woodland edges, gardens, and shrublands. They nest in dense shrubs or small trees.
Range:
Common throughout the eastern USA, including Minnesota, and into parts of Canada and Mexico.
8. Mourning Dove:
Scientific Name: Zenaida macroura
Length: 9 to 13 inches
Weight: 4 to 6 ounces
Wingspan: 17 to 18 inches
Song: A soft, mournful cooing sound, “coo-OO-oo-oo.”
Appearance:
Slender, grayish-brown bird with a long, pointed tail bordered with white. They have black spots on their wings and a small, dark bill.
Behavior:
Mourning Doves are often seen foraging on the ground for seeds. They are known for their rapid, darting flight and their mournful cooing calls.
Habitat:
They prefer open areas like fields, parks, and suburban gardens. They nest in trees, shrubs, or even on building ledges.
Range:
Widespread across North America, including Minnesota.
9. Red-winged Blackbird:
Scientific Name: Agelaius phoeniceus
Length: 7 to 9.5 inches
Weight: 1.1 to 2.7 ounces
Wingspan: 12 to 16 inches
Song: A distinctive, gurgling song that sounds like “conk-la-ree!”
Appearance:
Males are black with bright red and yellow shoulder patches. Females are streaked brown with a pale eyebrow and throat.
Behavior:
Red-winged Blackbirds are highly territorial during the breeding season. Males can be seen displaying their red shoulder patches to defend their territory. They forage for seeds and insects in wetlands and open fields.
Habitat:
They are commonly found in marshes, wetlands, and meadows, and they nest in tall grasses or reeds.
Range:
Found across most of North America, including Minnesota.
10. House Sparrow:
Scientific Name: Passer domesticus
Length: 6 to 7 inches
Weight: 0.9 to 1.4 ounces
Wingspan: 7.5 to 9.8 inches
Song: A series of chirps, often described as “cheep, cheep.”
Appearance:
Males have a gray crown, black bib, and chestnut-brown nape, while females and young birds are dull brown with streaked backs and plain underparts.
Behavior:
House Sparrows are very social birds, often seen in flocks. They forage on the ground and are common around human habitation, where they eat seeds, grains, and scraps of food.
Habitat:
They nest in cavities, eaves, or man-made structures. Common in urban areas, parks, and farms.
Range:
Originally from Europe and Asia, they are now widespread across North America, including Minnesota.
When Can You See Migratory Birds in Minnesota?
Minnesota’s location in the heart of North America’s migratory flyways makes it a prime spot for birdwatching throughout the year. Spring and fall are particularly exciting times as migratory birds pass through the state.
Spring Migration:
Spring migration in Minnesota typically occurs from late March to early June. During this time, birdwatchers can spot species like the Golden-winged Warbler and the Scarlet Tanager as they return to their breeding grounds.
Fall Migration:
In the fall, from late August to November, Minnesota sees the southward migration of species such as the Sandhill Crane and various raptors. This is also when waterfowl gather in large numbers, creating spectacular viewing opportunities.
Why Are Certain Birds Endangered in Minnesota?
While Minnesota boasts a diverse bird population, some species are facing challenges due to habitat loss, climate change, and other environmental pressures.
Grassland Birds:
Grassland birds like the Greater Prairie-Chicken have seen significant declines due to the conversion of prairies into agricultural land. Conservation efforts are crucial to protect these species and their habitats.
Climate Impact:
The changing climate is also affecting bird populations in Minnesota. Warmer temperatures and altered weather patterns are impacting the availability of food and suitable breeding sites for some species.
How to Attract Birds to Your Minnesota Backyard?
Attracting birds to your backyard can be a rewarding way to enjoy Minnesota’s avian life up close. Here are some tips to create a bird-friendly environment.
Provide Food and Water:
Offering a variety of feeders with seeds, suet, and nectar can attract different bird species. In winter, keep feeders stocked with high-energy foods like sunflower seeds and peanuts.
Plant Native Vegetation:
Planting native trees, shrubs, and flowers can provide natural food sources and shelter for birds. Consider species like oak, pine, and coneflower to attract a wide range of birds.
Install Nesting Boxes:
Nesting boxes can encourage cavity-nesting birds like the Eastern Bluebird and the House Wren to settle in your yard. Be sure to place them in safe, predator-free locations.
Which Rare Birds Can You Spot in Minnesota?
For those seeking a challenge, Minnesota offers opportunities to spot rare and elusive birds. These species may require patience and persistence but are worth the effort.
Snowy Owl:
The Snowy Owl, a majestic bird of the Arctic tundra, occasionally ventures into Minnesota during the winter months. Look for them in open fields and along the shores of large lakes.
Great Gray Owl:
Another winter visitor, the Great Gray Owl, can be found in the northern forests of Minnesota. This large, ghostly bird is known for its silent flight and keen hunting skills.
Frequently Asked Questions:
What is the Best Time of Year to Go Bird Watching in Minnesota?
Answer: The best time for bird watching in Minnesota is during the spring and fall migration periods. In spring (April to June), many species migrate through the state or arrive to breed. Fall (August to October) is another prime time as birds head south for the winter. Some species are present year-round, making winter birding rewarding as well.
What Types of Birds are Commonly Seen at Bird Feeders in Minnesota?
Answer: Common birds at feeders in Minnesota include the Black-capped Chickadee, American Goldfinch, Blue Jay, Northern Cardinal, Downy Woodpecker, House Sparrow, and Red-bellied Woodpecker. These species are attracted to seeds, suet, and other bird feeder offerings.
Are There Any Endangered Bird Species in Minnesota?
Answer: Yes, Minnesota is home to several endangered or threatened bird species, such as the Piping Plover, Red-headed Woodpecker, and the Loggerhead Shrike. Habitat loss, environmental changes, and human activities have contributed to the decline of these species.
What Are Some of the Best Birding Locations in Minnesota?
Answer: Some top birding locations in Minnesota include the Sax-Zim Bog, Minnesota Valley National Wildlife Refuge, Itasca State Park, and the North Shore of Lake Superior. These areas provide diverse habitats and are popular spots for both resident and migratory birds.
What Birds Can Be Seen in Minnesota During Winter?
Answer: During the winter, common birds in Minnesota include the Dark-eyed Junco, Northern Shrike, Pine Siskin, Common Redpoll, Snowy Owl, and Red-breasted Nuthatch. Many birds that breed further north also winter in Minnesota.
How Can I Attract More Birds to My Yard in Minnesota?
Answer: To attract more birds to your yard in Minnesota, offer a variety of bird feeders with different types of seeds (like sunflower seeds and thistle), suet, and fresh water. Plant native trees and shrubs that provide natural food sources, shelter, and nesting sites.
What Are Some of the Rare Birds Seen in Minnesota?
Answer: Some rare birds seen in Minnesota include the Great Gray Owl, Boreal Owl, and the Golden-crowned Sparrow. These birds are typically found in specific habitats or during certain times of the year, often attracting bird watchers from across the state.
What Should I Do if I Find an Injured Bird in Minnesota?
Answer: If you find an injured bird in Minnesota, it’s best to contact a local wildlife rehabilitation center or a licensed wildlife rehabilitator. They have the expertise to care for and rehabilitate injured birds. Avoid handling the bird too much and keep it in a safe, quiet place until help arrives.
Are There Any Birdwatching Events or Festivals in Minnesota?
Answer: Yes, Minnesota hosts several birdwatching events and festivals, such as the Sax-Zim Bog Birding Festival and the Detroit Lakes Festival of Birds. These events offer opportunities for guided birding tours, educational talks, and chances to see rare and migratory species.
What is the State Bird of Minnesota?
Answer: The state bird of Minnesota is the Common Loon (Gavia immer). Known for its eerie, beautiful calls, the Common Loon is a symbol of the state’s wild lakes and is commonly seen on large lakes during the summer months.
Conclusion:
The birds of Minnesota represent a vibrant and dynamic aspect of the state’s natural heritage. Whether you’re enjoying the common backyard visitors or seeking out rare species in the wild, there’s always something new to discover in Minnesota’s avian world. By understanding the habits, habitats, and challenges facing these birds, we can better appreciate and protect the rich birdlife that graces the Land of 10,000 Lakes.
